Furnace



Patented May 4, 1886.

FURNAGE.

Ill i J.A.LANGD0N.

(No Mode'l.)

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.,

JosEri-r A. LANGDoN, or rrr'rsBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

FURNACE.

:SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 341,253. dated May 4, 1886.

Application filed December E22, 1885.

To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Beit known that I, J osErH A. LANGDoN, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Furnaces; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to boilers and similar furnaces, its object being to provide a simple io and efficient means within the ordinary firechaniber ofthe boiler for burning natural and similar gas and heating theair before it comes in contact with the gas. i

It consists, essentially, in combining with the i 5 rcchamber a hot-air chamber formed therein, aeoldair chamber within the hot-ai r chamber, and a gas-burner surrounding the'hot-air chamber, the hot-air chamber communicating at its upper end with the cold-air chamber, and being provided with suitable ports at or near its base for the entrance of air into the fire-chamber, so that as the air passes upwardly through the cold-air chamber it strikes thetop or cover thereof and becomes heated by the heat radiated through the walls of the hot-air chamber as it descends through the hotair chan1- ber to the ports at the base thereof, the air in this manner being brought to a high heat, so that when fed into the hre-chamber, where it 3o comes in contact with 'and intermingles with the gas, a substantially perfect combustion of the gases is obtained and a high and even heat generated, the products of combustion passing upwardly through the fire-chamber, and thence through the tubes or iiues of the boiler, or, if employed with the inetallurgi cal furnaces, passing from the fire-chamber entering the furnace.

It also consistsin certain details of construetion, as hereinafter set forth.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will describe the same more fully, referring to the accompanying drawings, in which- Y Figure l is a vertical central section 'of my improved furnace as applied to the ordinary vertical boiler; and Fig. 2 is a crosssection of the same through the line :i: as, Fig. l.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts 5o in each.

Serial No. 186,420. (No model.)

In the boiler-furnace shown the firc-chain` ber is supported on a brick foundation or base having the outer shell, a, and the inner shell, b, which forms the wall of the lirechaniberc, the tube-sheet d forming the top of the firechaniber, and from this tubevsheet the tubes e extending vertically for the desired distance, the products of combustion passing upwardly through the fii'ecliailiber, and thence through the tubes, which are surrounded with water, the steam being generated by theheat radiated through the end of the shell I and through the tubes e.

Extending across the base of the fire-chainberare the ordinary grate-barsJ', my improved furnace being illustrated as applied to the ordinary boiler in which solid fuel has been employed, and below the grate-bars is the ashpit or space g, the space having the entrance g'.

On the gratesbarsfis formed the bedh, this bed being built of -hiick\vork, and having in the center thereof the opening` h', through which the air enters through the ash-pit g.

Supported on the bed h, in the center thereof, is a tube or shell, t', which extends up a little over one-half the height of the IireChamber, and forms the cold-air chamber It' within the furnace, this tube or shell being generally formed of wrought metal, aud in the ordinary furnace being formed of sections of pipe.

Surrounding this cold-air chamber k is the hot-air chamber Z, which is formed by means ofa suitable brick-work wall, n, built upon the bed h, and having the top or cover m, formed of a slab or tile, which extends across a short distance above the top of the shell i.

At or near the base of the wall a are formed the ports m, through which the air enters the firechamber, the air passing upwardly from the space gthrough the coldair chamber lr, and striking the cover m' of the hot-air chainber, and thence downwardly through the hotair chamber to the ports, where it passes out into the fire-chamber c, this fire-chamber surrounding the hot-air chamber and extending above the same, as shown.

Resting on the bed h is the burner r, which is formed of a curved pipe extending around the base-wall n of the hot-air chamber; and

IOO

forming a circular burner, the burner being generally formed of two pipes bent into a semici rcle,which pipes are connected by means of a T-socket, o", and have their opposite ends closed by plugs r".

Through the top of the burner r are formed perforations, as at s, through which the gas enters the fire-chamber, it being preferred that the ports m enter the tire-chamber a short distance above the burner, so that as the gas enters the fire-chamber from the burner the heated air will pass across the course of the gas and become thoroughly intermingled therewith. The gas is conducted to the burner r through a suitable pipe, t, which passes through the door or opening g', and thence upwardly through the bed 7L, communicati n g with the T- socket fr, this gas-pipe t bei ng controlled by a suitable valve.

\Vhen my improved furnace is in use, the gas enters through the pipe t and the burner r, as above described, rising into the tireehamber from the burner, and the cold air enters at the door or opening f/ in the ash pit or Spacey, and, thence passing up through the opening in the bed hi, rises into the cold-air chamber k and strikes against the slab or cover m of the hot-air chamberfand thence passes downwardly through said chamber and through the ports or openings m into the firechamber, where it forms combustion with the gas and rises upwardly through the iirechamber, the heat and products of combustion passing thence through the boiler fines or tubes, or, where employed with a heating-furnace, overthe bridge-wall. rIhe heat generated in the fire-chamber is radiated through the walls fm ot' the hotair chamber and through the slab or cover m', so that as the cold air enters it is gradually heated by the heat radiated through the shell i from the hot-air chamber, and is brought to a much higher heat as it strikes the slab or cover m', and passes downwardly through the hot-air chamber in contact with the walls m, the air being brought to a very high heat by these means before it enters the tirechamber, and a much more perfect combustion of the gas and air being obtained. A much higher heat is therefore generated than where the cold air comes in contact with the gas and is heated by the partial combusbrick or like refractory material, filling the a fire-chamber of the boiler, and therefore prevent the clogging of the holes in the gasburner, so overcoming one of the greatest dificulties in operating these furnaces by the employment of this gaseous fuel.

My improved burner is simple in construction, and can be applied to any boiler or likeV furnace heretofore in use at a small cost, neither the burner nor the material necessary to form the chambers within the fire-chamber requiring any special construction of apparatus or skilled labor in applying the same. It is applicable to both vertical and horizontal boilers.

Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secu re by Letters Patent, is

l. In boiler and like furnaces, the combinal tion, with the firechamber, of the hot-air chamber formed within the same and communicating therewith at or near the base thereof, the cold-air chamber within the hot.- air chamber and communicating therewith at the top thereof, and a burner within the iirechamber surrounding the base of the hot-air chamber, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In boiler and like furnaces, the combination, with the hre-chamber, of the bed 7L, the walls a, and slab or cover m, forming the hot air chamber Z, and having the ports m at or near the base thereof, the shell fi within the hot-air chamber, and communicating at the top with said chamber and at the base with the space g, the perforated burner r at the base ofthe 1i rc-ch amber, and the supply-pipe t. In testimony whereof- I, the said JosErH A. LANGDON, have hereunto set my hand.

. JOSEPH A. LANGDON. Iitnessesz (i. C. LEE, J. N. COOKE. 

